As all women in this group will receive treatment in response to a positive urine culture, the choice of antibiotic should be guided by the culture results.

• Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the occurrence of bacteria in the urine but without symptoms or signs of infection. 2-9% of all pregnant women have asymptomatic bacteriuria in the first trimester, and 10-30% of these women will go on to develop a UTI later in pregnancy.
• Women with asymptomatic bacteriuria confirmed by a second urine culture should be treated. Asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy warrants treatment with an antibiotic, as it increases the risk of pyelonephritis, pre-term delivery and low birth weight babies.
• Women with asymptomatic bacteriuria confirmed by a second urine culture should have a repeat urine sample sent for culture at each antenatal visit (monthly) until delivery. Women who do not have bacteriuria in the first trimester should not have routine repeat urine cultures. 
• Dipstick testing is not recommended to screen for bacteriuria in pregnant women. A MSSU should be sent routinely for culture at the first antenatal visit. Confirm the presence of bacteriuria in urine with a second urine culture. A further MSSU should be obtained seven days after completion of antibiotic treatment as a test of cure.